How to differentiate between allergies and colds

Allergies and the common cold have many similar symptoms, so it can be difficult to identify which one you have. Here are the signs whether testing is a thing.

The biggest difference is the why. Colds are caused by viruses, while seasonal allergies are caused by the immune system’s response to allergens or triggers such as pollen, mold, or mites. While they share some symptoms, allergies usually last longer than a week and tend to occur around the same time every year.

Symptoms and how to tell the difference:

fever

With allergies, fever or chills are less likely to occur. If you have a fever, you may have a common cold or the flu. If these symptoms persist or worsen, you may need to see your doctor.

Muscle pain

They are more likely to indicate a cold, whereas allergies cause more localized symptoms. Pain and fatigue are common symptoms of the common cold, but they only last a few days.

itch

Itchy eyes, nose, throat, or ears are often caused by allergies. Although there are exceptions, localized itching is often triggered by histamine, a chemical in the body associated with the immune response against allergens.

sore throat

Colds and allergies can both cause sore throats. In the latter case, however, it is usually the result of postnasal drip.

runny nose

This can be a common symptom of both conditions, making it difficult to distinguish what is causing it. The early stages of allergies and colds often produce thin, watery mucus, but if the mucus thickens and appears yellow or light green, it could be a sign of infection or a cold.