Menstrual flu: what it is, why it happens and advice on how to deal with it

Many women experience flu-like symptoms before and during their period. Nicknamed “Menstrual Flu” Covering a series of discomforts such as headache, fatigue, constipation and even fever, This has nothing to do with a viral infection and everything to do with hormonal changes.

In fact, it is not a legitimate medical term but comes from pop culture. Some people associate it with premenstrual syndrome (PMS), but it can affect healthy women as well. Why does it happen? What can be done to alleviate it? Below, we review potential causes and some ways to deal with them.

What is menstrual flu?

“Menstrual flu” is a colloquial term used to refer to A collection of symptoms that usually occur before and during menstruation. It is so called because it behaves similarly to viral influenza. However, it is not caused by the influenza virus.

General malaise, headache, chills, fever, and nausea may initially lead you to think that a flu attack is coming. However, it only takes a few days for menstrual bleeding to begin, indicating that the symptoms are not contagious. They almost always go away once your period has passed.

In the words of Sara Yuen, an obstetrician-gynecologist at the Cleveland Clinic, «Menstrual flu is not the flu, nor is it an official medical diagnosis. It is a form of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) that can cause flu-like symptoms.

Even so, these symptoms occasionally occur in healthy women who have not been diagnosed with PMS. It’s important to remember that although approximately 85% of women will experience some premenstrual symptoms, Only 20 to 40 percent meet the necessary standards.

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Why does period flu occur?

A common problem among women is “Why do I get the flu when I’m on my period?” Well, as we mentioned, this is not a flu attack. Currently, doctors and scientists have not determined what causes these symptoms or how the menstrual cycle affects the immune system.

What is clear is that it is not related to the influenza virus or other bacteria.The most accepted hypothesis is The hormonal fluctuations women experience during their menstrual cycle are responsible for this condition. In particular, it is related to the activity of estrogen and prostaglandins.

During the luteal phase of ovulation, the period between ovulation and the start of menstruation (the premenstrual period), estrogen levels drop. This condition tends to increase feelings of fatigue, headaches, mood swings, and premenstrual sensitivity.

At the same time, the release of prostaglandins (molecules that act like hormones) increases. Although they are necessary for uterine contractions and removal of the lining of the uterus, Excessive amounts can increase the body’s inflammatory response.

Symptoms such as menstrual pain, nausea, diarrhea and general discomfort may occur at this time. Apart from, Body temperature may rise slightly, Because they also interfere with the activity of the hypothalamus, which is known as the body’s thermostat.

Another cause associated with menstrual flu is hormonal activity that affects brain chemicals, which can also cause changes in serotonin levels (a healthy neurotransmitter). By lowering its level, It can cause a feeling of fatigue similar to the real flu.

What are the symptoms?

The clinical manifestations of menstrual influenza vary from woman to woman. Not everyone will experience the same symptoms or with the same intensity. Some people may experience discomfort seven to ten days before their period.; However, others suffer from this pain during menstruation. This may include the following:

• diarrhea.
• swelling.
• Chills all over.
• constipate.
• Moderate fever.
• Dizziness and nausea.
• Weakness and fatigue.
• Headache.
• Menstrual cramps.
• joint pain.

How long does the menstrual flu last?

The duration of symptoms may also vary. Usually lasts three to five days. In most cases, symptoms disappear after menstrual bleeding ends.

How to Cope with the Period Flu: 8 Tips

There is no specific treatment for menstrual flu., but taking some medications and making certain lifestyle changes can help control symptoms. Below, we detail eight recommendations.

1. Try over-the-counter pain relievers

One of the first things you can do to reduce period flu illness is to try an over-the-counter pain reliever, such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen. These help inhibit prostaglandin production, This reduces bloating, cramping and body aches.

2. Adopt a healthy eating plan

Diet can help relieve premenstrual symptoms, including period flu. In this sense, It is recommended to eat a healthy, balanced diet and eat less inflammatory foods. Therefore, be sure to practice the following:

• Limit coffee and caffeinated beverages.
• Reduce dairy consumption, except for natural yogurt and some low-fat cheeses.
• Reduce your consumption of overly processed foods as they are high in sugar, harmful fats and sodium.
• Hydrate yourself well. To do this, prioritize drinking water and healthy beverages such as infusions.
• Increase your intake of plant-based foods such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, nuts and seeds.
• Ensure optimal intake of healthy fats such as omega-3 found in nuts and seeds, avocados, olive oil, fatty fish, etc.

3. Ensure optimal intake of calcium and vitamin D

In addition to contributing to bone health, Optimal calcium intake can help reduce premenstrual symptoms. To reduce fatigue and muscle weakness caused by period flu, it is recommended to take 600 mg of calcium twice daily.

Ideally paired with 800 IU of vitamin D to promote its absorption. To do this, make sure to eat nuts, seeds, kale, broccoli, sardines, yogurt, and cheese. If necessary, choose to take it via supplement (only under medical supervision).

4. Carry out regular physical exercise

Regular physical activity can reduce premenstrual physical and psychological symptoms such as pain, fatigue, fluid retention, and mood changes. This is associated with a greater balance of prostaglandins and serotonin.

The ideal is at least 30 minutes of moderate exercise every day, five times a week. They can be running, brisk walking, cycling, swimming, going to the gym or any other form of activity.

5. Get a good night’s sleep

Can both prevent and relieve menstrual flu symptoms It is necessary to ensure optimal rest. Getting seven to eight hours of uninterrupted sleep every day is crucial to combating fatigue, irritability, and pain.

6. Avoid smoking

Smoking is a risk factor for premenstrual syndrome and menstrual flu. Nicotine and other toxic compounds in cigarettes increase the body’s sensitivity to environmental stressors. This is why pain, fatigue, muscle weakness, and swelling tend to worsen.

First of all, quitting smoking is not an easy task. It is best to seek professional support for different treatment modalities, Examples include nicotine replacement therapy, psychotherapy, support groups, etc.

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7. Try heat therapy

Using a heating pad or hot compress on the painful area of ​​the body can relieve pain. Heat helps relax muscles and reduce contractions, This contributes to a feeling of relaxation.

8. Try relaxing with a massage

Experiencing what it’s like to have the flu—even if it’s not a viral infection—can be exhausting and stressful. A good option for relaxation is to receive a massage treatment, It improves blood flow, reduces tension and increases feelings of well-being.

To do this, a combination of strength, pressure, and hand and arm movements are needed. Correct operation is necessary to avoid injury or adverse effects. If you don’t have enough experience, please consult a professional.

Do I still need to see a doctor if I have the menstrual flu?

Generally speaking, you don’t need to see a doctor when you have the menstrual flu. Symptoms usually improve within a few days with conservative treatment at home.

Regardless, if these are affecting quality of life, either due to their severity or recurrence, it’s best to see an obstetrician or gynecologist. A specialist will perform appropriate examinations to determine if there is an underlying medical problem and if additional treatment is needed.

Is the menstrual flu a sign of PMS?

Some experts describe period flu as a more severe form of premenstrual syndrome (PMS). However, In healthy women without this diagnosis, symptoms appear over time.

It should be remembered that to talk about PMS, symptoms must be present for at least three consecutive menstrual cycles. Likewise, they must end within four days of your period and must interfere with the ability to perform certain daily tasks.

That said, feeling like you have the flu before your period is not necessarily a sign of PMS. When in doubt, It is best to consult a doctor to get an accurate diagnosis.

Do you feel flu-like before and during your period?

Most of the time, flu symptoms that occur before and during menstruation are equivalent to the so-called “period flu” or “period flu” and have nothing to do with the flu. It is not caused by a virus but due to hormonal changes inherent to the cycle.

Although headaches, fatigue, indigestion, and fever can interfere with some daily activities, they are usually not serious or cause for concern. These can be improved with home care and over-the-counter medications. Additionally, they usually disappear as soon as your period ends.

Your presence Although this condition is more common in women who have it, it is not a sign of premenstrual syndrome (PMS). If it recurs or is severe, it’s best to see a doctor for a diagnosis and other treatment options.