this Thrombocytopenia It is a disease characterized by a variety of platelets too much in the blood low it can have different uses reason. Platelets, or platelets, are cells involved in blood clotting.Its function is to group and form plug They seal blood vessel damage to prevent the wound from bleeding.
When the number of platelets in the blood is too low to perform their corresponding functions, Thrombocytopenia And can have different origins.This may be due to physical imbalance marrow, Either because the person has leukemia or because there’s something wrong with their immune system.It is also due to the side effects of certain drugs drug. There are many causes of low platelets, and it can happen regardless of your age.
Causes of immune thrombocytopenia
The lifespan of each platelet is only about 10 days. Under normal circumstances, your body renew Supply and production of new products marrow And on and on. that’s why, No this is a disease genetics, Instead, there is a malfunction in the body that causes a decrease in the number of platelets circulating in the blood, or due to Platelets remain in the spleen This is an organ located under the ribs on the left side of the abdomen.
This organ is responsible for fighting infections and removing unnecessary substances from the blood. If the spleen is too large, it deposits too many platelets, making it difficult for them to get to other places and causing less circulation in the body.
Thrombocytopenia may also be produced by the body Thrombocytopenia This may be due to:
- Leukemia and other types of cancer
- certain types of anemia
- viral infections, such as hepatitis C or HIV
- Chemotherapy drugs and radiation therapy
- excessive drinking
Certain stages of life belong to you Organism mistakenly attacks platelets and destroy them:
- Pregnant
- bacteria in blood
- Conditions such as lupus or rheumatoid arthritis
- some medications
symptom
- Bruising tendency and excessive bruising (purple)
- Bleeding on the surface of the skin, manifesting as a red-purple pinhead-sized rash (petechiae), usually on the lower legs
- Cuts that bleed for a long time
- Bleeding gums or nose
- Blood in the urine or stool
- Abnormally heavy menstrual flow
- fatigue
- enlarged spleen
Even if the number of platelets in the blood is insufficient, it is never low enough to cause internal bleeding.
treat
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Corticosteroids. Corticosteroids, such as prednisone, are often the initial treatment for immune thrombocytopenia. These drugs suppress the immune system and can help increase platelet levels by reducing platelet destruction. However, long-term use may cause side effects, such as diabetes, insomnia, digestive problems, or slow growth in children; therefore, the dose is usually tapered once platelet levels improve.
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Intravenous immune globulin (IVIG). IVIG is an antibody infusion that is often used in severe cases or when corticosteroids are ineffective. It helps temporarily increase platelet levels by blocking the immune system’s destruction of platelets.
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Immunosuppressive drugs. If there is resistance to previous treatments, more powerful immunosuppressive drugs, such as rituximab or azathioprine, may be prescribed. These drugs reduce immune system activity and help keep platelet levels within the appropriate range.