October 16, 2023
The Spanish National Epidemiological Surveillance Network (Renave), part of the National Epidemiological Center of the Carlos III Health Institute, released the latest epidemiological report on the epidemic situation Campylobacteriosis exist Spaindata as of September 21, 2023.
In 2022, 14 autonomous regions and the municipalities of Ceuta and Melilla notified 20,817 cases Campylobacteriosis (cumulative incidence rate per 100,000 inhabitants is 59.16), of which 20 are imported cases.
In 2022, no campylobacteriosis was reported to RENAVE from the Autonomous Community of Andalusia, the Balearic Islands and the Autonomous Community of Galicia. In addition, Andalusia and the Balearic Islands did not notify in the period 2017-2021; the Basque Country did not notify in 2020, Cantabria did not notify in 2019, and Murcia joined these in 2020 For surveillance of the disease, Galicia reports aggregate data for the corresponding years 2019 and 2020, and Asturias reports cases from previous years that were not included in previous epidemiological reports.
The highest cumulative incident (AI) occurred in navarre (154.1 cases per 100,000 inhabitants) followed by Basque Country (AI is 121.4), valencian community (AI is 90.1) and cantabria (AI is 89.2). The lowest cumulative incidence rates were reported in the municipalities of Melilla (reporting zero cases), La Rioja (AI 17.7) and Aragón (AI 19.8)
No seasonality observed The months with the highest number of campylobacteriosis cases were May and August (peaking at 1,885 cases), while January had the lowest number of cases.
In 2022, the advantages of artificial intelligence are man Compared to women (70.01 vs 48.76). The male to female incidence ratio is 1.43. Across all age groups, men had higher AI. For both sexes, the age at which AI peaks is under 5 years old.
they were notified 12 people died By 2022, the mean and median age will be 78 years (SD=11.23; IQR=18). Reported hospitalization cases 7.73%
Considering only cases for which the pathogen was identified at the species level, approximately 85.5% (95% CI 84.9-86.1%) of cases were estimated to be caused by Campylobacter jejuni and 14.1% (95% CI 13.5%-14.7%) E. coli.
For first-line antibiotics used to treat bacterial acute gastroenteritis, a higher proportion of resistant strains was observed in: E. coli about Campylobacter jejuni Suitable for all antibiotics except ciprofloxacin amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (AMC).For AMC, the percentage of resistive insulation has increased significantly in 2022 compared to previous years, especially in Campylobacter jejuni, reaching a resistance insulation value of 18.7%. Even so, as observed in previous years, these two species have the highest resistance rates to ciprofloxacin and tetracycline, exceeding 85% and 75% respectively, and exceeding 90%. E. coli. Erythromycin resistance is reported to be around 8% by 2022 E. coli 0.5% Campylobacter jejunithe antibiotic with the highest proportion of susceptible strains in both species.
In 2022, nine autonomous regions reported a total of 38 buds Resulting in 282 cases, 7 of which required hospitalization. The Autonomous Region of Valencia reported 8 outbreaks, Castile-La Mancha and Madrid reported 7 outbreaks each, Andalusia and Murcia reported 5 outbreaks each, and Castile and Leon reported Three outbreaks were reported, and Aragon, the Canary Islands and Navarra each reported one. A total of 19 outbreaks occurred, with 2 cases; 16 outbreaks, affecting 3 to 9 people; one outbreak, affecting 17 schoolchildren, was related to food transmission; another outbreak, affecting 50 people, occurred in a nursing home; There was also a large outbreak, affecting 107 people, linked to food-to-water transmission.The areas with the most outbreaks are Home, with 20 buds; followed by restaurants and bars, with eight outbreaks, including one linked to home delivery and another linked to a picnic with friends; In addition to the school outbreak, there was an outbreak in a nursing home and another Unspecified center outbreak, two outbreaks in specific geographic areas (a waterborne outbreak and a foodborne outbreak associated with meat consumption); 3 outbreaks of unspecified scope. The main transmission mechanism is food (25 outbreaks), with chicken being the food most commonly associated with outbreaks.
In addition, there are 5 cases of human-to-human transmission, all occurring among family members living together; the specific transmission mechanism of the above-mentioned water-borne epidemics and other epidemics cannot be determined yet.
The number of cases reported in Spain in 2022 is similar to the previous year, maintaining similar numbers to 2019. Among all age groups, males have higher AI values than females and are the age group with the highest AI. As has been observed in other countries in our setting, the prevalence is high in children younger than 5 years of both sexes, although this may be affected by diagnostic bias, as at these ages there is less confidence in diagnosing the etiology. A greater effort was made. Gastroenteritis. More than half of the reported outbreaks occurred in domestic settings, followed by collective dining venues (restaurants, campgrounds, nursing homes, schools), which in addition to large-scale waterborne outbreaks also contributed to the larger number of people affected by the outbreak. , which is generally uncommon with campylobacteriosis.
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