Gastritis is a disease characterized by inflammation of the lining of the stomach, called the gastric mucosa. This inflammation can be acute (brief) or chronic (ongoing) and can be caused by a variety of factors, including:
• Helicobacter pylori infection: This bacterium is one of the leading causes of chronic gastritis. It weakens the protective lining of the stomach wall and causes inflammation.
• Overuse of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): Drugs such as ibuprofen and naproxen can irritate the stomach lining and cause gastritis, especially when taken in large doses or over a long period of time.
• Excessive alcohol consumption: Alcohol can irritate the stomach lining and increase the risk of gastritis.
• Chronic Stress: Long-term stress can lead to the development of gastritis.
• Reflux of bile into the stomach: This occurs when the muscles that separate the stomach and esophagus don’t work properly.
Common symptoms of gastritis include upper abdominal pain or discomfort, nausea, vomiting, feeling full too early after meals, heartburn, and in severe cases, gastrointestinal bleeding.
The diagnosis of gastritis is usually made through an endoscopy, where the doctor examines the lining of the stomach and takes a sample for analysis. Treatment depends on the underlying cause, but may include dietary changes, reducing alcohol or NSAIDs, medications to reduce stomach acid production, and, in the case of H. pylori infection, antibiotics to kill the bacteria.
Proper treatment of gastritis is important because if left unchecked, it can lead to more serious complications, such as stomach ulcers or gastrointestinal bleeding. If you have symptoms of gastritis, be sure to consult a health professional for proper diagnosis and treatment.